Petroleum Geology Handbook, 1991, 616 pp., ISBN 0-911575-69-3, $98.00

A concise encyclopedia dealing with all aspects of Petroleum Geology, spanning western as well as Russian literature up-to-date. Compiled by a team of Russian experts. The only book of its kind, it is an indispensable reference for all petroleum geologists who deal with exploration and production, in particular, providing specialists with ready access to information in contiguous areas. Should belong in the shelf of every Consulting Petroleum Geologist. Also available as supplementary reference text for graduate students.
 

1. Dynamics of World Production of Oil and Gas ..... 1

2. World Oil and Gas Resources ..... 10

3. Geography of Large Oil and Gas Fields ..... 13

4. Natural Shows of Oil and Gas ..... 18

5. Bitumens: Distribution; Genesis, Classification ..... 22
 

1. Oil and Gas Sampling Conditions, and Methods of Sample Analysis ..... 33

2. Crude Oil

~ Structure and Properties of Crude Oils ... 35~ Classification of Crude Oils ... 53
~ Typical Changes in Crude Oil Composition ... 56

~ Classification and Composition of Gases ... 63 ~ Physical Properties of Gases ... 73

5. Associated Gas ..... 78

6. Scattered Bitumoids in Sedimentary Rocks ..... 79

~ Methods for Distinguishing Bitumoids of Various Types, and Their Composition and Classification ... 81 ~ Origin of Bitumoids ... 87 ~ Distribution of Bitumoids in Soils and Sediments (Recent and Fossil Sediments) with Respect to the Type of Organic Matter ... 90

~ Methods for Determining Isotopic Composition of Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur ... 97 ~ Isotopic Composition of Carbon ... 99 ~ Isotopic Composition of Hydrogen ... 108 ~ Isotopic Composition of Nitrogen ... 113 ~ Isotopic Composition of Sulfur ... 115 ~ Stable Isotopes in Petroleum Geochemistry ... 118

1. Gases

~ Compressibility Factor of Real Gases ... 124 ~ Viscosity of Gases ... 127 ~ Solubility of Gases in Crude Oils ... 130 ~ Solubility of Water in Compressed Natural Gases ... 134

~ Changes in Physical Properties of Crude Oils under Reservoir Conditions ... 138 ~ Critical Parameters of Crude Oils (without Gaseous Components) ... 147 ~ Solubility of Individual Hydrocarbons and Crude Oils in Water ... 150

~ Phase Diagrams and Relationships in Phase Transitions ... 156 ~ Critical Parameters of Gas/Oil Systems ... 158 ~ Methods for Calculating Phase State and Composition of Phases in Gas/Oil (or Gas/Condensate) Systems ... 162

~ Solubility of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Compressed Gases ... 169 ~ Density, Compressibility, and Viscosity of Gas/Condensate Systems ... 173 ~ Relationships in Phase Behavior of Gas/Condensate Systems Under Reservoir Conditions ... 179

1. Oil and Gas Collector Rocks ..... 183

~ Characteristics of Collector Rocks ... 183 ~ Terigenous Collectors ... 186 ~ Carbonate Collectors ... 200 ~ Methods of Investigation ... 208 ~ Volcanogenic and Volcanogenic-Sedimentary Collectors ... 211 ~ Clay Collectors ... 219

~ Clay Cap Rocks ... 227 ~ Carbonate Cap Rocks ... 248 ~ Hydrochemical Cap Rocks ... 252

1. Oil and Gas Pools ..... 256

~ Pool Shape and Parameters ... 257 ~ Temperature and Pressure in Pools ... 259 ~ Oil and Gas Reserves and Their Classification ... 260

3. Natural Reservoirs and Their Classification ..... 273

4. Oil and Gas Traps and Their Classification ... 277

5. Oil and Gas Fields and Their Classification ..... 283

6. Zones of Oil and Gas Accumulation: Their "Areals" and Classification ..... 292

7. Petroliferous Provinces, Basins, and Largest Elements of Districting in Their Composition ..... 297

8. Classification of Petroliferous Provinces, Basins and Oblasti ..... 307

9. Largest Petroliferous Elements of the Earth’s Crust ..... 319

10. Petroliferous Basins of the Ocean Floor ..... 323
 

1. Geothermy ..... 327

2. Thermal Field of Petroliferous Provinces of the U.S.S.R. ..... 337

3. Paleogeothermy ..... 360

~ Diagnosis of Paleotemperatures on the Basis of Organic Matter ... 360 ~ Paleotemperature and Present-Day Temperature ... 368 ~ Paleogeothermal Unconformity ... 370 ~ Zones of Paleotemperature ... 372

1. Natural Water-Drive Systems ..... 379

2. Methods of Hydrodynamic Study of Petroliferous Basins ..... 381

~ Methods of Determining Formation Pressure ... 382 ~ Nature of Formation Pressure and Abnormal Formation Pressures ... 385 ~ Methods of Studying Movement of Subsurface Water ... 391

~ Types of Water in Rock; Structure of Water and Aqueous Solutions ... 401 ~ Physical Properties of Subsurface Water ... 404 ~ Ionic-Salt Composition and Salinity of Subsurface Water ... 409 ~ Chemical Classifications and Methods of Representing the Composition of Subsurface Water ... 412

5. Features of Chemical and Gas Composition of Oil-Field Water ..... 423

6. Paleohydrogeological Reconstruction of Conditions of Formation and Breakdown of Oil and Gas Pools ..... 436

~ Hydrogeological Cyclicity ... 436 ~ Paleohydrodynamics ... 437 ~ Paleohydrochemistry ... 442

8. Hydrogeological Studies in Oil and Gas Fields ..... 454
 

1. Changes in Oil and Gas Composition in Pools ..... 459

2. Geochemical Relationships in Distribution of Oil and Gas in Fields According to Composition ..... 464

3. Geochemical Processes of Changing Oil and Gas ..... 471

1. General Concepts of Oil and Gas Migration and Formation of Oil and Gas Accumulatons ..... 474

2. Primary Migration of Hydrocarbons ..... 482

~ Migration of Hydrocarbons in the Aqueous Phase ... 482 ~ Migration of Hydrocarbons in the Gas Phase ... 487 ~ Role of Diffusional Transport in Hydrocarbon Migration ... 489

4. Time, Duration, and Rate of Formation of Oil and Gas Accumulations ..... 504

~ Starting Date of Oil and Gas Pool Formation ... 505 ~ Completion Date of Oil and Gas Pool Formation ... 510 ~ Possibility of Pool Formation in the Recent Stage ... 513

6. Formation and Re-formation of Oil and Gas Accumulations ..... 521

~ Accumulation of Oil and Gas ... 522 ~ Differentiation of Oil and Gas Accumulations ... 524 ~ Re-formation of Oil and Gas Accumulations ... 542

1. Chemical Composition of Crude Oil and Living Matter ..... 549

2. Accumulation of Organic Matter ..... 552

3. Diagenetic Transformation of Organic Matter ..... 556

4. Catagenetic Transformation of Organic Matter ..... 558

5. Primary Migration of Oil and Gas ..... 567
 

References ..... 571

Supplementary List of References ..... 579

Glossary ..... 591

Index ..... 593